from PyPDF2 import PdfReader, PdfWriter
input_file = "" # To enter
output_file = "" # To enter
startPage, endPage = 104, 196 # To modify
reader = PdfReader(input_file)
writer = PdfWriter()
for i in range(startPage, endPage + 1):
writer.add_page(reader.pages[i])
with open(output_file, "wb") as f:
writer.write(f)
print("Pages extracted successfully!")
from playsound import playsound
playsound("Sucker.mp3")
import pygame
pygame.mixer.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load(".mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
while pygame.mixer.music.get_busy():
pygame.time.Clock().tick(10)
import vlc, time
p = vlc.MediaPlayer(".mp3")
p.play()
time.sleep(0.1)
while p.is_playing():
time.sleep(0.5)
import winsound
for alias in ["SystemExit", "SystemHand"]:
print("Playing:", alias)
winsound.PlaySound(alias, winsound.SND_ALIAS)
for freq in range(100, 6001, 100):
winsound.Beep(freq, 1000)
print(f"Playing {freq} hertz")
import tkinter as tk
from random import randint
import math
class ModQuiz:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Modulo Quiz")
self.ctr, self.num, self.den = 0, 0, 0
self.question_label = tk.Label(root, text="", font=("Arial", 14, "bold"))
self.question_label.pack(pady=10)
self.answer_entry = tk.Entry(root, font=("Arial", 14, "bold"))
self.answer_entry.pack(pady=5)
self.answer_entry.bind("<Return>", lambda e: self.check_and_next())
self.check_button = tk.Button(root, text="Check Answer", command=self.check_and_next, font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
self.check_button.pack(pady=5)
self.result_label = tk.Label(root, text="", font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
self.result_label.pack(pady=5)
self.score_label = tk.Label(root, text="Score: 0", font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
self.score_label.pack(pady=5)
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=400, height=400, bg="white", highlightthickness=0)
self.canvas.pack(pady=8)
self.quit_button = tk.Button(root, text="Quit", command=root.destroy, font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
self.quit_button.pack(pady=5)
self.ask_question()
def ask_question(self):
self.answer_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.result_label.config(text="")
self.num, self.den = randint(-7, 7), randint(-7, 7)
while self.den == 0:
self.den = randint(-7, 7)
self.question_label.config(text=f"What is {self.num} % {self.den}?")
self.answer_entry.focus()
self.draw_arcs(self.den)
def draw_arcs(self, den):
self.canvas.delete("all")
k = abs(den)
pad = 20
x0, y0, x1, y1 = 50, 40, 340, 340 # a little vertical space for labels
cx, cy = (x0 + x1) / 2, (y0 + y1) / 2
r = (x1 - x0) / 2 - 18
step = 360 / k
base = 90 # Base angle so that numbering starts at 12 o'clock
self.canvas.create_oval(x0, y0, x1, y1, outline="black", width=1) # Draw outer circle
for i in range(k):
if den > 0: # (b) Positive denominator: clockwise numbering 0..den-1
start = base - i * step # move clockwise by decreasing angle
extent = -step # draw clockwise
label_val = i
else: # (c) Negative denominator: anti-clockwise numbering 0, -1, -2, ..., -(k-1)
start = base + i * step # move anti-clockwise by increasing angle
extent = step # draw anti-clockwise
label_val = -i
self.canvas.create_arc(x0, y0, x1, y1, start=start, extent=extent, style=tk.ARC, width=2) # Draw arc segment
theta_deg = start # boundary angle # Place label at boundary (not middle) so 0 is exactly at 12 o’clock
theta = math.radians(theta_deg)
r_label = r # Slightly inside the circle for readability
tx = cx + r_label * math.cos(theta)
ty = cy - r_label * math.sin(theta)
tick_in = r - 12 # Small tick mark at the boundary
tick_out = r + 2
tx_in = cx + tick_in * math.cos(theta)
ty_in = cy - tick_in * math.sin(theta)
tx_out = cx + tick_out * math.cos(theta)
ty_out = cy - tick_out * math.sin(theta)
self.canvas.create_line(tx_in, ty_in, tx_out, ty_out)
tx_text = cx + (r + 40) * math.cos(theta) # Offset text a bit towards center from the boundary
ty_text = cy - (r + 40) * math.sin(theta)
self.canvas.create_text(tx_text, ty_text, text=str(label_val), font=("Arial", 12, "bold"))
def check_and_next(self):
user_ans = self.answer_entry.get()
try:
if int(user_ans) == self.num % self.den:
self.result_label.config(text="Correct!", fg="green")
self.ctr += 1
self.score_label.config(text=f"Score: {self.ctr}")
else:
self.result_label.config(text=f"Incorrect. It is {self.num % self.den}", fg="red")
except:
self.result_label.config(text="Please enter a valid integer.", fg="orange")
self.root.after(1000, self.ask_question)
root = tk.Tk()
app = ModQuiz(root)
root.mainloop()
with open("Bart.txt") as bart:
L = bart.readlines()
with open("Joshua.txt") as joshua:
L1 = joshua.readlines()
ctr = 0
for i in range(len(L)):
if L[i] != L1[i]:
ctr += 1
print(L[i]) # Print differing line of File 1
print(L1[i]) # Print differing line of File 2
input()
print(ctr)
# Script to automatically run another script every 5 seconds
import subprocess, time
while True:
subprocess.run(["python", "Just.py"])
time.sleep(5)
def add(a, *b):
print(a)
result = 0
for i in b:
result += i
return result
print(add(1, 2, 3, 4, 5))
print()
print(add(10, 20))
print()
def func(**a):
for k, v in a.items():
print(k, v)
func(number=5, color="blue", fruit="apple")
def process(method, **kwargs):
if method == "Credit Card":
card_number = kwargs.get("card_number")
exp_date = kwargs.get("exp_date")
cvv = kwargs.get("cvv")
print(f"Credit card number {card_number}")
elif method == "Paypal":
paypal_id = kwargs.get("paypal_id")
print(f"PayPal ID {paypal_id}")
elif method == "Crypto":
wallet_address = kwargs.get("wallet_address")
print(f"Crypto wallet {wallet_address}")
else:
print("Invalid payment method")
process("Credit Card", card_number="1234 5678 9012 3456", exp_date="12/25", cvv="123")
process("Paypal", paypal_id="user@example.com")
process("Crypto", wallet_address="1A2b3C4D5e6F")
def posArg(a, b, /, c, d): # Everything up to '/' must be pos. arguments
return a + b + c + d
print(posArg(3, 4, 5, 6))
print(posArg(3, 4, 1, d=2))
def keyArg(a, b, *, c, d): # Everything after '*' must be kwargs
return a + b + c + d
print(keyArg(3, 4, c=1, d=2))
def pos_keyArg(a, b, /, c, *, d): # Combining '/' and '*'.
return a + b + c + d # 'c' can be a positional or kwarg
print(pos_keyArg(3, 4, 1, d=2))
print(pos_keyArg(3, 4, c=1, d=2))
!pip install git+https://github.com/openai/whisper.git
!sudo apt update && sudo apt install ffmpeg
!whisper filename.mp3 --model medium.en
from PIL import Image
images = ["Josey.jpeg", "Reena.jpeg", "Sumi.jpeg"]
pdf_path = "Output.pdf"
pdf_images = [Image.open(img).convert('RGB') for img in images]
pdf_images[0].save(pdf_path, save_all=True, append_images=pdf_images[1:])
Everything * Can Be Used For In Python (Aside From Basic Math)
1) *args in Function Parameters
We can add *args in our function parameters to enable our function to take in any number of positional arguments. The * before args indicates that it will collect any number of positional arguments into a single variable. Inside the function, args is treated as a tuple.
def hello(*args):
print(args)
hello()
hello(1)
hello(1, 2)
hello(1, 2, 3)
def hello(a, b, *args):
print(args)
hello(1, 2)
hello(1, 2, 3)
=========================================================================
2) **kwargs in Function Parameters
Using ** instead of * allows us to take in any number of keyword arguments. Inside the function, kargs is treated as a dictionary, which stores key-value pairs.
def hello(**kargs):
print(kargs)
hello()
hello(a=1)
hello(a=1, b=2)
def hello(a, b, **kwargs):
print(kwargs)
hello(a=1, b=2)
hello(a=1, b=2, c=3)
=========================================================================
3) *args in Function Arguments
We can also use * to unpack an iterable into our function arguments.
L = [1, 2]
print(*L)
D = {1:'a', 2:'b'}
print(*D)
def hi(a, b, c):
print(f"{a=} {b=} {c=}")
hi(1, 2, 3)
L = [4, 5, 6]
hi(*L)
def hi(a, b, c):
print(f"{a=} {b=} {c=}")
hi(1, 2, 3)
=========================================================================
4) **kwargs in Function Arguments
If we use ** instead of *, we can do the same with dictionaries. Here, hi(**mydict) is the same as hi(a=4, b=5, c=6)
def hi(a, b, c):
print(f"{a=}, {b=}, {c=}")
hi(a=4, b=5, c=6)
D = {'a':4, 'b':5, 'c':6}
hi(**D)
Similarly, we can also combine normal keyword arguments with **mydict as long as we pass all required keyword arguments into our function.
def hi(a, b, c):
print(f"{a=}, {b=}, {c=}")
D = {'a':4, 'b':5, 'c':6}
hi(**D)
D = {'b':5, 'c':6}
hi(a=4, **D)
=========================================================================
5) Any parameter after * must be a keyword argument.
* is not placed before any parameter — this means that any parameter defined after * must be a keyword argument. In this case, c & d come after *, so c & d can only be keyword arguments. a & b can be positional or keyword arguments, but c & d must be keyword arguments.
def hello(a, b, *, c, d):
print(a, b, c, d)
hello(1, 2, c=3, d=4)
hello(a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4)
If we replace * alone with a / alone, this means that any function parameter defined before the / must be a positional argument.
def hello(a, b, /, c, d):
print(a, b, c, d)
hello(1, 2, c=3, d=4)
hello(1, 2, 3, 4)
We can combine these to force additional restrictions on our function parameters.
def hola(a, b, /, c, d, *, e, f):
print(a, b, c, d, e, f)
hola(1, 2, 3, d=4, e=5, f=6)
=========================================================================
6) *args in tuple unpacking
We can use tuple unpacking to elegantly assign multiple variables at once.
person = ['bob', 'M', 20]
name, gender, age = person
print(name, gender, age)
We can combine tuple unpacking with * if we have unused variables. If we have many more fields in person, but we only need the first 2 for now — we can use *others to assign everything else to the variable others.
person = ['bob', 'M', 20, 1.75, 70, 'black']
name, gender, *others = person
print(name, gender)
print(others)
We can switch the position of the variable with * too — in this example, we only need the first and last value, so we put *others in the middle.
person = ['bob', 'M', 20, 1.75, 70, 'black']
name, *others, hair = person
print(name, hair)
print(others)
In this example, we only need the last 2 values, so we can put *others at the front.
*others, weight, hair = person
print(weight)
print(hair)
print(others)
=========================================================================
7) Using * when combining iterables
We can also use * to combine iterables. Here, we combine 2 lists a & b by unpacking them into a list c.
a = [1, 2]
b = [3, 4]
c = [*a, *b]
print(c)
d = [[*a], [*b]]
print(d)
We can combine this technique with normal values like this:
a = [1, 2]
b = [3, 4]
c = [-1, 0, *a, *b, 5, 6]
print(c)
8) ** in combining dictionaries
** works for key-value mappings the same way * works for individual values. We can use ** to unpack dictionaries into other dictionaries in order to combine them.
x = {'a':1, 'b':2}
y = {'c':3, 'd':4}
z = {**x, **y}
print(z)
z = {**x, **y, 'e':5}
print(z)
=========================================================================
9) Importing everything from a module
We can also use from modulename import * to tell Python that we want to import everything that can be imported from some module.
from random import *
from random import randint, randrange
arr = ['10', '30', '40', '50', '70', '90', '100']
LL = []
for i in range(1000):
L = randrange(1, 3) # 1, 2
U = randrange(3, 6) # 3, 4, 5
s = ''
for i in range(L, U+1):
s += arr[i] + '@'
if s not in LL:
LL.append(s)
#print(arr[i], end='@')
#print()
LL.sort()
for row in LL:
print(row)
import pandas as pd
data = {'first name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David'],
'age': [25, 30, 35, 40],
'salary': [50000, 60000, 70000, 80000]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
filter1 = df[(df['age'] > 30) | (df['salary'] > 60000)]
print(filter1, '\n')
filter2 = df.query('age > 30 or salary > 60000')
print(filter2, '\n')
# Using variables
Age = 30
filter3 = df.query("age > @Age")
print(filter3, '\n')
# Using backtick when column name contains space
filter4 = df.query("`first name` == 'Charlie'")
print(filter4)
